Professional Learning Communities A Teacher s Perspective

Journal Entry One: A Teacher’s Perspective â€Å"McLaughlin and Talbert (2006) defined professional learning communities as â€Å"[organizational structures in which] teachers work collaboratively to reflect on their practice, examine evidence about the relationship between practice and student outcomes, and make changes that improve teaching and learning for the particular students in their classes† (pp. 3–4).† (Teague, 2012, pg. 58) This quote explains what I personally think of professional learning communities should be and what areas they should focus on. The problem that I have faced in a professional learning community is colleagues that aren’t willing to change. I have experienced several individuals who would not put the time into gathering data or was reluctant to share their findings. I think having individuals that are not willing to participate dampen the mood of the group and help put a negative spin on the process. The best way to eliminate this problem is by having everyone on board and have them collect authentic data. Authentic data help show what areas the teacher needs to focus on. If data is authentic then there should be no arguments on what is going wrong inside the classroom. As a teacher I will collect authentic data by working with my colleagues and developing authentic assessments to collect the information I need. By collaborating with other staff members we can find out what ways work the best for collecting data useful for the group andShow MoreRelatedThe Key Elements Of Educational Opportunity Essay1322 Words   |  6 Pagesa greater democracy we must continue to work to â€Å"equalize access to educational opportunity†(Hammond 2010) by focusing on â€Å"five key elements: Meaningful learning goals...Intelligent reciprocal accountability systems...equitable and adequate resources...Strong professional standards and supports...Schools organized for student and teacher learning.â⠂¬  (Hammond 2010). Although well intentioned past federal reforms have neglected to successfully address these important goals. Darling-Hammond does her bestRead MoreWhat Type Of Occupation Best918 Words   |  4 PagesThe issue of what type of occupation best describes a teacher has been debated for many years. 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Doing so ensures that you are growing and improving your teaching skills by building on old strengths to benefit you as an instructor, but especially by ensuring improvement in the students that you serve. What is a good teacher? â€Å"What the educator does in teaching is to make itRead MoreClassroom Management And Organization Strategies Essay1191 Words   |  5 Pagesorganization strategies is the responsibility of each teacher to implement an effective Classroom Organization and Management Plan (COMP). Effective teachers influence their students in the classroom and at home by providing them with incremental steps that support foundations for academic growth and success. Therefore, many theorists have contributed to developing effective models designed to assist teachers in their daily efforts to promote student learning. Per Hardin, students that were in well-organized

Honest tea Essay - 6615 Words

ACADEMIC ABSTRACT The Honest Tea case is about an entrepreneur, Seth Goldman, who built a successful social venture in the alternative beverage industry. After building Honest Tea to become an industry leader, Seth faced with the decision of whether to merge with Coca-Cola and how to successfully manage the post-merger transition. Information about the alternative beverage industry and Seth’s use of social media is presented to help determine how Honest Tea can continue to grow after merging with Coke yet maintain the core principles that their stakeholders value. USASBE_2011_Proceedings-Page0108 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Seth Goldman believed that building a successful brand meant that the company would need to demonstrate that a†¦show more content†¦But when we buy ten times that amount, we help create a market that multiplies far beyond our own purchases. When we sell 32 million bottles and drink pouches with less than half the calories of mainstream alternatives, as we did in 2007, we help displace 2,400,000,000 empty calories. That’s important, but when we sell ten times that number, we help lead a national shift toward healthier diets.† Despite its benefits, a merger with Coke may have its share of costs, some unique to social ventures. Once Honest Tea merges with Coca-Cola, will Honest Tea be able to continue fulfilling its social mission? Most importantly, how can Seth persuade stakeholders, both internal and external, to support Honest Tea’s merger with Coke? Most of Honest Tea’s stakeholders including employees, consumers and independent distributors are socially focused and steadfast in their support of socially responsible companies. How might they react to the news that Honest Tea has merged with a national distributor and especially one with so much negative connotation associated with it? Will they be as committed to the Honest Tea brand? Goldman has built a solid following to his personal blog site. However, even if Seth is transparent with customers through social media about the challenges Honest Tea faces will it be enoughShow MoreRelatedHonest Tea Analysis790 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Honest Tea seeks to provide bottled tea that tastes like tea a world of flavour freshly brewed and barely sweetened. We seek to provide better-tasting, healthier teas the way nature and their cultures of origin intended them to be. 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Hopwood, and Somnath Bhattacharya ABSTRACT: It is challenging for students taking the introductory accounting information systems AIS course to envision how to apply the topics and concepts learned during the course in real-world situations. The motivation forRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Honey Dale County Essay1558 Words   |  7 Pagesclandestinely wishing it was theirs. At times, Morning Prayer in these nooks of the world was more of a social critic than a communal worship. An honest outsider, as I hope my dear readers will come to view myself as, will come out of the experience with a greater amount of respect for the pious than solely feed their disdain for the impersonators while a truly honest one would have to acknowledge that the disdain stemmed for having seen oneself reflected in such people. Of course, working up religious fervor

A Case Study in Inter-Profession Miscommunication

Question: Describe about A Case Study in Inter-Profession Miscommunication? Answer: In a world where being knowledgeable may not be the order of the day, core programmers or techie as are most commonly called, find it hard to make a break through. This happens most often than naught whilst a techie tries to sell his nurtured product (Shulman 2011). This is not due his lapse or lack of technical knowledge but mostly because in order to sell one has to be a salesman. Shed all superficial aura of being a knowledgeable person and be rooted to the ground level of earnestly trying to score a client. This is nothing short of an unhappy marriage between a mind that seldom thinks of money making endeavours and the other which seems to survive on that (Coupland et al 2004). A serious case of dilemma is hence the basic outcome, in fact the philosophical term horns of dilemma is the perfect term to explain the situation. This sorry sight may sometimes be very hilarious for an onlooker. The constant struggle within an individual can be very similar to the extent of the famous ch aracters Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, only in a very low key. One such case comes to my mind which perfectly sits on the title of a web developer trying to present his designs to a fashion designer. A perfect case of mismatch which then leads to a serious case of miscommunication. Information technology has become inevitable part of everyone and web services such as electronic mail(email) and databases or cloud storage are a necessity in this era (Lami 2013). Yet when there happens a problem in the technological end the clients may not be a very understanding bunch. So a techie out for business in a business meeting with a goal to score clients may face questions that may very well offend him. Although these questions may not be necessarily asked to offend, but nevertheless a miasma of uneasiness may prevail (Shulman 2011). Let us look at the case of the web designer and the fashion designer for further insight to this very topic of discussion. The Beginning As I sat on my chair accompanied by the famous designer, the receptionist handed us a business card. It said Mr Richard Lassi, web designer and developer. Looking at this the designer (lets call him Mr X for our comfort) looked at me with twinkling eyes, smiled called his receptionist and said, Send him in. I was little surprised as to what was on store for me to witness. There was a light knock and then the door opened slightly and a face appeared followed by a strong voice, May I come in Sir? To this Mr X immediately replied Yes with an affirmative nod. Mr X, Good morning, I am Richard, said the web designer introducing himself while offering a hand to shake to Mr X and me. After the formalities and being offered to sit Mr Richard was sitting facing us. So what brings you here Mr Lassi? asked Mr X. Well Mr X I am here to offer you an innovative solution to take your business forward replied Mr Lassi. Mr X leaned forward with interest gesturing Mr Lassi to continue with his proposal (Norlyk 2007). As these days e-commerce is on the surge it is high time for you Sir to take your business forward. As i have seen your website lacks a lot of things of which i have hence made a note. I will like to tell you what i have observed so far, if I may. To this Mr X seemed a little surprised but nevertheless continued to listen calmly whilst Mr Lassi continued, Your products are not reaching at a global scene, you have yet to tap on the full market even regionally due to the lack of a decent web application. I am here to offer you a perfect solution to overcome these hitches. The miscommunications After the hearing of the proposal, what followed next was a series of miscommunication. Mr X: How can you be sure that your proposal is the perfect solution to my business growth? Mr Lassi: My solution provides a platform for your products to be accessible by many individuals globally; it is a global market you see Mr X: But can you guarantee it? Mr Lassi: No one can guarantee in business Sir. Mr X: I guarantee that my designs are authentic and genuine in nature. Am I not a businessman? Mr Lassi: Sir guaranteeing in material and in clientele is different, I am here to offer you technical solutions and not marketing. (Shattel et al 2003) Mr X: But when you started your proposal you clearly mentioned that your innovative proposal will increase my clientele globally Mr Lassi: Sir I said that my web strategy will help in bringing your work into the orbit of more individuals globally, it is not a rocket science to understand that. Mr X: So you are saying that even though you cannot guarantee whether or not i will gain from your product, i still need to pay for it? Mr Lassi: It is a service Sir and every service has a cost The problem statement As I listened to the following discussions, there appeared to be few stand out problem statements. I have hereby selected one for our case study (Kruger et al 2005). Definition: There seemed to be a pragmatic approach on the part of Mr Lassi on the issue of Guarantee. He seemed to be at a point of contradicting his own statement. Analysis: Because of the fact that Mr Lassi came prepared for answering each and every question to be thrown at him for the technical aspect, he was taken aback when simple business propaganda was involved. Possible Solutions: Mr Lassi could now reiterate what he said of business not being a guarantee. Mr Lassi could guarantee Mr X of his proposal being the only solution to his business. Mr Lassi could hire someone else to make business proposals on his behalf. Evaluation of possible solutions Solution I: Mr Lassi could now reiterate what he said of business not being a guarantee. Advantage: This will be a long term solution and he may very well get Mr X to decide to hand him the order without the extra clause of guarantee (Winerman 1990). Disadvantage: This may lead to annihilation of any possibility of scoring a clientele. Solution II: Mr Lassi guarantee Mr X of his proposal being the only solution to his business. Advantage: This will be a short term solution and he may get the proposal accepted. Disadvantage: This may lead to further confrontation in the future with Mr X if the latters client base is not increased (Barry 1982). Solution III: Mr Lassi could hire someone else to make business proposals on his behalf Advantage: this will give a steady long term solution as the hired person will be well versed in the approach and execution of business proposals and will not be involved in miscommunications. Disadvantages: This will lead to added burden for Mr Lassi as he has to pay the hired individual for the services and also have to be in the constant loop of what may have resulted during the meeting. Selecting a possible solution Choice: Solution III: Mr Lassi could hire someone else to make business proposals on his behalf Justification: Mr Lassis main problem is his lack of ethical business skills rendering to delivering a proper business proposal. If he hires an individual he will have that aspect of it covered. Also Mr Lassi will have more time at hand to concentrate on honing his technical skills to design and develop better and more innovative ideas could be realized. Apart from that in any business proposal it is important to be prepared to woo the client with charm and humour which was seriously lacking in Mr Lassi, thus a hired help would seem to be the perfect solution (Chang 2002). Method of reaching at a solution To be able to reach to a solution we must not assume anything on our own rather take the points as presented in the picture. An equal weight to pros and cons must be rendered into each possible solution (Clark et al 1980). Assumptions must be kept at bay and only the facts must be taken into account. The easiest way to reach at a possible solution is first to indentify the possible solutions that may be put forward and then logically selecting the one that suits the case more aptly. Conclusion and recommendation Thus from the above discussion and at a close look at the case study cited above we can infer that for every possible miscommunication there always exists solution. The only major concern is there may be more than one possible solution and thus selecting the proper and more apt one becomes the need. It may be recommended to be an astound listener and also a verbose to avoid such miscommunications (Eduardo 2010). Also the above study proves that assumption without any hard fact may lead to more miscommunications. Reference: Eduardo, G., 2010, A Case Study in Inter-Profession Miscommunication, Intercultural Communication and Diplomacy, 2-6,308-316 Shulman, M., 2011, Case Study Report- Student Perspective, Cultures in contrast: student life at US colleges and Universities, pp 1 - 3 Coupland, N., Giles, H., and Wiemann, J.N., 2004, Miscommunication and problematic talk, Vol 18 (1), pp 312-440 Lami, R., 2013, Mis-communications between members of different subcultures, 4-8,6-12 Norlyk, B., 2007, Miscommunication and discourse practices in occupational cultures, New York, pp 405 Shattel, M., and Hogan, B., 2003, The problem of miscommunication,3,1-32 Kruger, J., Nicholas, E., Parker, J., and Ng, Z.W., 2005, Egocentrism over E-Mail: Can We Communicate as Well as We Think?, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, No. 6, 2005, pp. 925-935. Winerman, L., 1990, E-Mails and Egos, Monitor on Psychology, Barry DS,1991. Acuracy in social perception. Journal of personality and psychology,61,298-307 Cody, MJ.,1982, A typology of disengagement strategies and examination at the roles of intimacy, reactions to inequity , 49, pp 148-170 Clark, H H., and Shunk, D H., 1980, A polite reply to polite request, Cognition,8.113-140 Chang, H., 2002, The interrelationship between language and culture, Journal of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics, 6(2), 183-97.

Kim Kardashian Essay Example

Kim Kardashian Essay Kimberly Noel Kim Kardashian (born October 21, 1980) is an American celebutante, socialite, television personality, producer, actress, and model. She also is the daughter of late attorney Robert Kardashian. She is widely known for a sex tape with her former boyfriend Ray J and her E! reality series which she shares with her family, Keeping Up with the Kardashians. Since then, Kim has launched multiple fragrances, guest starred on numerous shows and competed on ABCs Dancing with the Stars. She also has had roles in movies such as, Disaster Movie, and Deep in the Valley. Kims recent projects include launching another perfume line and working as the producer of an E! reality series, The Spin Crowd. Kim also is involved in multiple projects with her sisters, Kourtney and Khloe including writing a autobiography entitled Kardashian Konfidential and launching their own fashion line. Kardashian was born in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of late attorney Robert Kardashian and Kris Jenner (nee Houghton). Kim is a fourth generation Armenian American. Her paternal great-grandparents immigrated to Los Angeles from historic Armenia (then part of the Ottoman Empire, now in Turkey) just before the Armenian Genocide. Kims last name is Armenian (spelled in Armenian) and it means son of a stone sharpener. Kims mother Kris, is of Scottish and Dutch descent. [2] Though half Armenian, she states she was raised with a huge Armenian influence, always hearing Armenian stories, eating Armenian food and celebrating Armenian holidays. Kardashian has two sisters, Kourtney and Khloe, and one brother, Robert. We will write a custom essay sample on Kim Kardashian specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Kim Kardashian specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Kim Kardashian specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer She has stepbrothers Burton Jenner, Brandon Jenner, and reality TV star Brody Jenner, stepsister Casey Jenner, and half-sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner. She attended Marymount High School. [5] During high school, Kardashian worked at her fathers music marketing firm, Movie Tunes. Her first acting role was in the television series Beyond the Break. She then starred in the 2008 disaster film spoof Disaster Movie as Lisa. Kardashian appeared in the How I Met Your Mother episode Benefits. She will appear on the Season 3 premiere of the series 90210 with her sisters Khloe and Kourtney. They will play themselves. [6] According to E! Kim makes $5. 545 million a year. Television projects Keeping Up With the Kardashians Kardashian is one of the stars of the reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians along with her two sisters, mother, brother, half-sisters, and stepfather. Dancing With the Stars Kardashian was one of 13 participants on the seventh season of Dancing with the Stars. [7] She was partnered with current DWTS champion Mark Ballas. Kardashian was the third contestant voted off the show on September 30, 2008, finishing in 11th place overall

Toyota Product Development System free essay sample

Toyota’s LPDS starts with the customer who is represented by the Chief Engineer. Toyota uses the Chief Engineer’s concept paper as a guiding tool to align thinking on the planning process. They very efficiently use the Obeya (big room) to bring together the members of divergent teams and allows them to function as a unit. The teams are structured so that all of the voices that need to be heard, from the designers to the managers of the factory, who can provide input on the impact decisions will have on the workers and the final produce, are there. One of the advantages to Toyota’s process is that it allows them to retain valuable employees. Their system of â€Å"Creating a Leveled Product Development Process Flow† means that workers will not be overworked and will be able to focus their full attention on the project at hand. When the project is finished, they are provided with new challenges to help them grow. We will write a custom essay sample on Toyota Product Development System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The process of innovation is woven into the fabric of the organization. Toyota supplements its processes with a culture that is finely aligned with the process. They have also developed a number of tools to serve the process such as the already mentioned Obeya, a system of checklists which until recently were kept in three ring binders, Hansei, teardowns, A3 reports which summarize problems and help to ensure alignment. All of the processes at Toyota are highly standardized, and their culture ensures that the standardization process continues. Toyota has a corporate structure that reinforces and perpetuates itself. Sakicki Toyoda learned the loom business from the ground up, and this instilled in him a belief that to be successful, one must understand all aspects of the business. He used this knowledge to build an empire and it his conviction that one must learn by doing that still guides the thinking of Toyota employees. Power is gained through merit with all engineers working their way up â€Å"through the ranks. † Unlike other automakers who hire the best and brightest out of college and immediately give them a great deal of responsibility, Toyota takes the best and brightest (discovered through a rigorous and highly selective process) and has them go through a mentoring system where they are judged at each phase of the training. It is a socialization process that produces an employee who is trained in Toyota standards and procedures. It takes many years for a newcomer to be given a large responsibility such as a Chief Engineer. Consequently, the Chief Engineer is imbued with respect, as the entire organization knows that person has obtained the rank through perseverance, hard work, accomplishment and a deep understanding of the â€Å"Toyota Way. † Toyota is fiercely loyal to its employees, retaining them even in times of economic downturn. Even employees who are not living up to Toyota’s exacting standards are retained, however, they are given jobs with no responsibility; a great humiliation in an environment that values achievement. This has given Toyota a reputation as an excellent employer, and jobs there are highly prized. One realizes when one takes a job at Toyota that you are a highly valued part of the family, and the success of the rest of the family rests directly with you. This surely makes new employees dig into their work with great zest and humility. By studying from the ground up, the workers are able to gain insight into the whole development process. They can see how their work literally fits into the larger structure. This harmony is further reinforced by their mantra of â€Å"Customer First. † When trade-offs are presented, the overruling concern is that of the designer, as the designer is the customer. For items that are not necessarily â€Å"Customer First† issues, Toyota has developed â€Å"trade-off curves† and decision matrices to standardize decision-making. PROCESS PRINCIPLES Anyone who has spent a long time at Toyota will have absorbed the Toyota Way. † The processes of the LPDS will be firmly engrained in minds of the employees. It is difficult to separate the â€Å"lean thinking† of Toyota employees from the LDPS. They reinforce each other. The process principles of LPDS are a manifestation of the lean thinking that is a part of Toyota’s culture. By defining the customer as the starting point of the entire LPDS process, Toyota is able to align the thinking of the entire organization. It also sets the goal of eliminating waste to greater serve the needs of the customer. Other companies have tried to adopt Toyota’s processes without success. This is due to the fact that the process is only one part of Toyota’s success, the other, and in some instances, more compelling part of the success, is Toyota’s ability to create a culture indoctrinated in that process. The culture subverts ego, and turns problems into learning opportunities. Toyota has developed the most effective â€Å"knowledge job shop† in the automotive industry. It beauty lies in its ability to bring together representatives of all facets of the production process in harmony. In thinking about Goldratt’s principle of identifying and bottlenecks, you can see that Toyota has developed a process to dramatically reduce the number of bottlenecks it will face. By using standardization of parts and platforms and bringing in the right representatives to the Obeya to discuss problems before they are built into the design, Toyota is able to smooth out the potential bottlenecks before they occur. There is a great deal of alignment between all members of the team, so one is not operating in a vacuum; trying to solve problems without seeing how your solution fits into the larger product. Toyota’s focus on a leveled product development process also helps to eliminate bottlenecks by keeping the batches of work at a manageable level, eliminating variability and keeps utilization levels constant. As mentioned before, standardization is extremely important in creating a successful innovation environment. Standardization creates a common language that fosters greater communication. It even promotes communication of best practices over time as the best practices are engrained in the process by being adopted a standards. It enhances the scheduling process by allowing anticipation in the schedule, which in turn leads to great synchronization of efforts. It allows platforms, technology and subsystems to be reused in different designs saving time and money. As a result of their standardization process, Toyota is often able to eliminate the expensive prototyping phase of vehicle development. This can be done because with so many â€Å"tried and true† components being used in consistent ways, prototyping would be redundant. Standardization is one the key element to Toyotas speed in developing new vehicles. PEOPLE PRINICPLES Toyota uses a matrix system rather than a skunk works operation to develop new vehicles, Toyota’s LPDS is fully integrated into Toyota’s structure. They assemble a cross functional team that has representatives from the full range of functions involve with design, manufacturing and sales. Unlike other cross functional teams, where there is some ambiguity as to who the employee serves, Toyota is able to get an extremely high level of productivity out of them. This is due to several factors. Toyota’s culture where employees have a high level of trust for one another and deep understanding of the process thanks to the leadership to the Chief Engineer. The Chief Engineer (CE) is the head of the development project. This position is given to a senior engineer with a proven track record as an outstanding engineer and as one who is successful in using the â€Å"Toyota Way. † Management chooses CEs based on their ability to handle challenges and then tasks them with developing a vehicle that satisfies an overarching strategic direction. The CE acts as the voice of the customer who is the main focus of the LPDS. As such, the CE articulates the overall concept for the vehicle in a concept paper. This concept paper is the guiding principle that aligns the entire team working on the project. The CE is not the direct supervisor of the engineers working on the program, however, the CE does have full responsibility for the design’s success from development through sales and the concept paper ensures accountability. Unlike the â€Å"heavyweight project managers† the CE is imbued with more authority. Even without direct supervisory responsibilities, the position of CE is highly revered within the Toyota organization and commands great respect. Many within the Toyota family strive to achieve the role of CE. In fact, it is the continual striving for excellence that has helped Toyota to develop and maintain a culture of continuous learning. When an employee starts at Toyota, they undergo a long mentoring and socialization process. The socialization process that Toyota employees go through instills them with the spirit of Kaizen, which says that there is always an opportunity to learn and that learning is ongoing. This is reinforced by Toyotas practices of Hansei (reflection). Toyota builds in time and encourages its workers to step back and reflect on the work that they are doing. Toyota’s culture that embraces problems, because problems combined with Hansei can lead to Kaizen. This gives them a huge advantage over American car companies were problems are not valued and people will often cover up problems that they are having in order to maintain their status. By not embracing their problems, the problems get compounded as they are often discovered too late. TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY The best thinking to be used in choosing supporting technology is to think about it in terms the broader framework of your company’s people and processes. Toyota uses this thinking very effectively. At Toyota, technologies do not stand alone. On the contrary, their product development systems are all seamlessly integrated into their V-Comm system. This enables information to be passed quickly and efficiently to all team members. Toyota also adheres to a belief that technology should support your processes and not drive it. Consistency of process is valued at Toyota more highly than keeping up with the latest advancement. They chose technology to solve specific problems and do not look for a one size fits all solution. Finally, Toyota makes sure that the technological solutions are the right size for the problem rather than constantly going for the biggest and best. While Toyota uses this principled approach to technology, their tools that support successful innovation and organizational learning are not technology driven. Along with the V-Comm system mentioned earlier One of the first tools that is used is the CE’s concept paper. This paper is used to align the thinking of the product development team. It provides enough guidance that it allows the team to work in harmony, but at the same time, it gives the team enough flexibility that they are able to be creative. They also use a simple device called the A3 report, which distills problems and solutions down to their essence. It is really the process of reducing a problem to one sheet of paper that helps to hone the thinking and promote learning. However, the A3 also facilitates increased communication. They also use teardown analysis performed by the engineers who are working on the project and have a system of checklists that provide guidelines for product design. One of the most effective tools in Toyota’s arsenal is their constant and codified post-mortem process of Hansei. The standardization of Toyota’s processes allows the learning from this reflection to be captured and implemented. THREE CONCEPTS In looking at Toyota, one might say that they are an ambidextrous organization. Or one could say that they are successful because they have achieved a strong balance between the red and green quadrants of the Competing Values Framework. Much like Dell computers, Toyota’s culture looks very red on the surface. The strict adherence to checklists and standardization seem to indicate a company that is focused on control. But like Dell, the rigorous structures that the put in place are actually innovative (green). And in fact, the reason that Toyota and Dell are able to be successfully innovative is that they have these supporting structures in place. It is an interesting dichotomy to be at once extremely controlled and very innovative. However, by balancing these two aspects of the corporate culture, Toyota has gained great success. Toyota has also developed strategies that help it to avoid the â€Å"enemies of innovation†. First they use standardization to speed the innovation process to avoid lengthy development times. Second, by using tools like the concept paper, the Obeya, Hansei and standardization they are able to coordinate their efforts to a high degree. Third, they have come to grips with the risks that they are willing to take and have a high degree of trust throughout the organization. Finally, the CE truly understands the customer and has done much anthropological work to foster that understanding. KEY TAKE-AWAYS There were three main take-aways I gained from reading â€Å"The Toyota Product Development System: 1. Creating a culture that is aligned with your strategic goals is the greatest goal a manager could achieve. The Toyota LPDS works because it is engrained in the culture of the organization. The great reward for an engineer is to become a CE and lead a team in producing something that will best serve the needs of the customer. In order to become a CE, you have to demonstrate that you can work effectively within the systems of Toyota. This gives one a great incentive to work within the structure of Toyotas system. 2. Do not let technology drive your process, let your process drive technology. I was amazed to learn that a company with such advanced capabilities in development used checklist bound in three-ring binders to ensure that its processes were followed. It seems that most people, including myself, feel that newer and faster technology will lead to productivity breakthroughs. We are usually disappointed with the results. Toyota shows us that the problem is that technology without a solid process to back it up seldom works. If one can find technology that will improve a successful process, then it has great potential to have that breakthrough quality we expect. Toyota did this with their V-Comm system, which made the information previously stored in three-ring binders more accessible. 3. Structure leads to greater innovation It always seem counter-intuitive to me that by being more structured, one could be more creative. Having been trained as an artist, I often bristled at structure and standardization as I felt it stifled creativity. But Toyota’s LPDS made me realize that structure is the platform that allows innovation to happen. I then began to realize that within jazz music, there is a great deal of standardization. Jazz musicians spend years studying chord progressions, scales and modes and learning the songs that make up the jazz repertoire. They also spend years listening to other players and absorbing many of their ideas. This provides a foundation for musicians to communicate. Many people often ask me how it is that a group of jazz musicians who have never met before can come together for the first time and create great music together. It is because of the standardization of the repertoire that they are able to do that. The musicians know and understand the structure of a song and the â€Å"rules† for performing. This provides them with a common language to communicate their ideas to each other. In my own business, I see increasing our standardization preventing us from constantly reinventing the wheel. It is the best ways to promote and capture organization learning. The great challenge will be to change the culture, which I have created, from one that is adverse to structure to one that embraces it.

Terrorist essays

Terrorist essays Terrorism by nature is difficult to define. Acts of terrorism conjure emotional responses in the victims as well as in the practitioners. No two writers agree on what is terrorism. Even the U.S. government cannot agree on one single definition. The old adage, "One man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter" is still alive and well today ("Terrorism Research Center: Definitions" 1). Although many people believe that terrorism is evil, it is merely misunderstood because there is no set definition. Terrorist are responsible to most of the freedom movements in every country. Terrorist have used violence to get their point across to the public. These acts are often necessary for the success of the movement or cause. The use of this violence can be justified in several ways. You can't make an omelet without breaking some eggs has been used by terrorist to describe their actions. Terrorism has been used by governments and against them. It has been used as part of a campaign by guerrillas who have widespread support and by small groups. Terrorism has been used in societies where grievances can be expressed freely and where free speech is suppressed. In a well organized guerrilla campaign, for example, the main goal might be to destroy the governments military forces. The violence is limited to acts which will achieve that objective. This might be destroying a factory which is making arms, or putting out of action part of the government army, or bombing an airfield so that it cannot be used by government aircraft. In some cases, the use of terroris m appears to be a reaction to the disintegration of law and order. A stable society has normally evolved peaceful ways of keeping order and handling disputes between its members without violence. Once law and order breaks down, as they do in civil wars, members of society have to defend themselves in different ways. There may be in a situation where government forces ...

Global Warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Global Warming - Essay Example Policy adoption and implementation can help contain manmade global warming. Climate change is caused by the forces of nature. Man has little or no influence on natural climate change, and they occur from time to time as the world readjusts to the forces. Leading causes of natural climate change include volcanicity and change in the energy of the sun reaching the earth. When volcanicity occurs, magma, ash, and other toxic gases are thrown into the atmosphere. The temperature rises to extreme levels due to the sweltering magma being ejected. The volcanic activities produce highly lethal gases such as Sulphur and methane. These gases become trapped in the air thus increase the temperature of the earth. The ash clouds the air and catches lots of heat. The volcanic ash and gases reflect back the sun’s rays trapping much temperature that causes global warming (Victor, 2011). Another cause of natural climate change is the change in the intensity of the sun reaching the earth. During the ice age, the sun was very instrumental in converting the mass of solid water into liquid water. The sun’s rays were weak, and water froze to ice. When the sunshine level increased, the earth became hotter, and more water liquefied, the liquid water collects to form lakes and oceans thus the land that had been buried resurfaced. Man’s activities that contribute to change in the climate include the release of greenhouse gases and clearing of vegetation such as trees. Plants play an enormous role in maintaining the worlds temperature. Plants use the carbon dioxide in the air and convert it into stored energy. When plant absorbs carbon dioxide, they release oxygen. The oxygen the combines with hydrogen to form water that precipitates as rain. Cutting down plants destabilizes the balance by increasing the level of carbon dioxide. The excess carbon dioxide becomes trapped in the air. Trapped carbon dioxide creates an insulation for